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Modern neuroscience has transformed our understanding of how the human brain functions, revealing that cognition is not the product of isolated regions but of [1] networks working in coordination. Advances in brain-imaging technologies have enabled researchers to observe neural activity in real time; however, interpreting such data remains [2], as correlations do not always imply causation. Moreover, popular science narratives sometimes [3] these findings, presenting tentative hypotheses as established facts. This tendency can mislead the public and complicate ethical debates surrounding neurotechnology. Consequently, scientists stress the importance of a [4] approach that combines methodological rigor with intellectual humility. Choose the most appropriate option to fill in the blank [4]: