Match List I with List II: List I (Research design) a. Correlational design b. Laboratory experiment c. Field experiment d. Natural or Quasi-experiment List II (Its strength used in child development) I. Permits inferences about cause-and-effect relationships. II. Permits study of relationships between variables. III. Permits study of many real-world conditions that cannot be experimentally manipulated. IV. Permits generalization of experimental findings to the real world. Choose the correct option from those given below:

Given below are two statements: one is labeled as Assertion (A) and the other is labeled as Reason (R). Assertion (A): Though ex-post facto research examines cause and effect relationships, it is not part of experimental research. Reason (R): In ex-post facto research, the effect or change in the independent variable has already occurred and cannot be manipulated. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Given below are two statements: one is labeled as Assertion (A) and the other is labeled as Reason (R). Assertion (A): In non-probability sampling, the units are selected at the discretion of the researcher. Reason (R): Non-probability samples do not require a sampling frame. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: