In which year did the British botanist Robert Brown observe the continuous, rapid, and zigzag movement of pollen grains suspended in water (later generalized to colloidal particles), a phenomenon known as Brownian motion?

Which of the following events is considered a major turning point that fueled Indian nationalism during British rule due to its brutal nature and widespread condemnation?

Which of the following events is considered the first major peasant uprising against the British in India?