Given below are two statements: Statement I: Universities set up by the Act of Incorporation in 1857 were affiliating universities for distant geographical areas. Statement II: No geographical limits to the areas of affiliation were indicated for the universities set up by the Act of Incorporation in 1857. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Consider the following statements regarding educational initiatives in India: 1. MOOCs are integrated into SWAYAM. 2. GIAN stands for Global Initiative of Academic Networks. 3. RUSA focuses only on central universities. 4. TEQIP is related to quality improvement in technical education. Which of the above statements are correct?

With reference to quality assurance in higher education, consider the following statements: 1. NAAC uses a cumulative grade point average (CGPA)-based grading system. 2. NBA accredits institutions rather than individual programs. 3. NAAC accreditation is mandatory for all higher educational institutions to receive UGC funding. 4. Outcome-based education is a key principle underlying NBA accreditation. Which of the above statements are correct?