Economics · Microeconomics
Given below are two statements — one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other as Reason (R). Assertion (A): For a symmetric duopoly with linear inverse demand P = a – bQ and identical constant MC = c, the output ranking (from highest to lowest total market output) is: Perfect Competition > Cournot > Stackelberg > Monopoly. Reason (R): In Stackelberg equilibrium the leader internalises the follower's reaction function, enabling the leader to produce more than the Cournot quantity, but total Stackelberg output (3(a–c)4b) is still less than the perfectly competitive output (a–cb). In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
- 1Both (A) and (R) are false
- 2(A) is false, but (R) is true✓
- 3Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is NOT the correct explanation of (A)
- 4Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
Correct answer
(A) is false, but (R) is true
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