Economics · Development Economics

Evaluate the following statements concerning the key features and differences between the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs): Statement I: The MDGs (2000-2015) focused primarily on the social challenges faced by developing countries (e.g., poverty, health, education) and lacked a strong, integrated environmental goal. Statement II: The SDGs (2015-2030) are universal, applying to all countries (developed and developing), and introduced a stand-alone goal on Climate Action (SDG 13), signifying a major shift in global priority. Statement III: The SDGs introduced a strong focus on peace, justice, and effective institutions (SDG 16), which was not explicitly addressed by the MDGs, reflecting a broader understanding of development barriers. Statement IV: The MDGs had a total of 17 goals and 169 targets, while the SDGs were simpler, comprising only 8 goals and 21 targets, making them easier to monitor. Which of the above statements accurately highlights the distinctions or features of the global development agendas?