Geography · Seismology and Natural Hazards
During the 2015 Nepal earthquake (M7.8), the Kathmandu Valley experienced unusually severe ground shaking. Which geological factor combination is primarily responsible for amplifying seismic waves in this basin?
Verified Solution4 OptionsUpdated: October 2026👁️1 View
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- 1The absolute absence of tectonic faults in the valley, which concentrated energy directly at the surface
- 2Active volcanic structures directly underlying the Kathmandu basin that triggered secondary magmatic tremors
- 3The presence of shallow, highly competent granite basements that act as absolute seismic wave reflectors
- 4Deep, unconsolidated, water-saturated lacustrine clay and silt sediment layers that cause resonance and basin-trapping effects✓
Correct answer
Deep, unconsolidated, water-saturated lacustrine clay and silt sediment layers that cause resonance and basin-trapping effects
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