General Studies · Bureaucratic Theory

Consider the following statements regarding the terminology and critical perspectives associated with bureaucracy: I. The term bureaucracy finds its etymological origin in the French word 'bureau', which means a desk. II. Victor A. Thompson identified the unintended consequences and dysfunctional behaviors within a bureaucracy as 'bureaupathology'. III. The term 'occupational psychosis' was used by John Dewey to describe how officials develop specific preferences and antipathies due to long-term routine work. IV. Within the system of Traditional Authority, the subordinates who carry out the ruler's commands are officially termed 'disciples'.