Consider the following statements regarding the growth of coral reefs: 1. Corals are formed mainly in tropical oceans and seas. 2. Corals generally do not live in deep water, typically restricted to depths of not more than 60-77 m below sea level. 3. Ocean salinity of 27% to 30% is highly favorable for the growth of coral polyps. 4. An excessive increase in sea temperature is highly beneficial for the symbiotic algae, which causes them to multiply and turn the corals white. Which of the statements given above are correct?

Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the codes given below: List I P. Hekistotherms Q. Mesotherms R. Megatherms S. Microtherms List II1. Cannot tolerate high temperature2. Require high degree of heat throughout the year3. Require moderate temperature for growth4. Require very low temperature and can stand very long winters

Assertion (A): Steppe regions are characterized by dense forest canopy and high arboreal biodiversity. Reason (R): Steppe climates feature low annual rainfall and high temperature variability, favoring grasses over tree growth.