Consider the following statements regarding Primary Succession: I. It begins in areas with no pre-existing soil. II. Lichens play a crucial role in soil formation. III. It occurs faster than secondary succession. How many statements are correct?

Which term describes the theoretical, stable, and mature ecological community that ultimately develops at the final stage of succession in the absence of external disturbances?

Which gradual ecological process occurs on newly exposed landforms that are devoid of soil, such as volcanic rock or sand dunes?