Electronics Engineering · Sensors and Industrial Instrumentation

A Chromel-Alumel thermocouple has its measuring junction A held at temperature TA, and a thermal electromotive force (emf) E1 is measured using an ideal voltmeter between the open ends B1 and B2, both held at temperature TB. If two identical copper extension wires are introduced between B1-C1 and B2-C2, and ends C1 and C2 are held at a different temperature TC, the voltmeter now reads a thermal emf E2. According to the law of intermediate metals, what is the relation between E1 and E2?