1 मीटर पाट (span) वाली एक सरल रूप से समर्थित बीम के केंद्र में एक बिंदु भार 'W' लगा हुआ है। बीम के बाएं आधे हिस्से में कर्तन बल (shear force) ज्ञात कीजिए।

The principal strains recorded for a rectangular panel subject to biaxial loading are ε11 = 100 × 10-6 and ε22 = -50 × 10-6. The magnitude of maximum shear strain is ____ × 10-6.

A steel rod of length 1 m is fixed at one end and free at the other end. It is subjected to a temperature rise of 20°C. If the coefficient of thermal expansion of the material is 20 × 10-6/°C, what is the thermal strain produced in the rod (in terms of × 10-6)?