Physics · Statistical Mechanics
Consider four different single-particle quantum systems with energy levels at a temperature T = ε/kB. System 1 has two levels at 0 and ε. System 2 has three levels at 0, ε, and 2ε. System 3 has three degenerate levels at ε. System 4 has two levels at 0 and 2ε. Which system has the lowest Helmholtz free energy? [Given: 1/e = 0.37]
- 1System 1
- 2System 2
- 3System 3
- 4System 4✓
Correct answer
System 4
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