A sand deposit has the following properties in its natural state: i) Bulk unit weight = 19.5 kN/m³ ii) Unit weight of soil solids = 25.0 kN/m³ iii) Water content = 15% Calculate the porosity of the sand in its natural state.

After a certain time lapse, clay A achieved 50% average consolidation and clay B achieved 20% average consolidation. Find the ratio of coefficient of consolidation of clay A to that of clay B. The time factor Tv for U = 50% is 0.2 and for U = 20% is 0.03. Both clays have same drainage path lengths.

During a standard Proctor compaction test, the mass of the wet soil sample is found to be 1800 g and its water content is 13%. If the volume of the Proctor mould used is 1000 cm3, then the dry density of the soil sample is: